Typographer beetle: bark beetle that destroys hectares of spruce forests
The typographer bark beetle is one of the most dangerous pests in its family. It lives in most of Eurasia and affects spruce forests. For its nutrition and reproduction, it chooses trees of medium and large diameter.
Content
Bark beetle typographer: photo
Description of the beetle
Name: Typographer bark beetle or large spruce bark beetle
Latin: Ips typographusClass: Insects - Insecta
Squad: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Family: Weevils - Curculionidae
 | Habitats: | spruce forests |
 | Dangerous for: | young and weakened landings |
 | Means of destruction: | agricultural technology, baits, sanitary felling |
Typographer or large spruce bark beetle is a shiny dark brown beetle, its body is 4,2-5,5 mm long, covered with hairs. There is a large tubercle on the forehead, at the end of the body there is a recess called a wheelbarrow, along the edges of which there are four pairs of teeth.
Distribution
In Western Europe, it is common in France, Sweden, Finland, it is also found in the North of Italy, Yugoslavia. With mass reproduction, it causes great harm to spruce forests, especially those weakened by drought or windfalls. The typographer lives in Russia:
- in the European part of the country;
- Siberia;
- in the Far East;
- Sakhalin;
- Caucasus;
- Kamchatka.
Reproduction
The spring flight begins in April, when the soil temperature reaches +10 degrees, in summer the flight of beetles falls on June-July, and in the northern regions - on August-September.
The male chooses a tree, gnaws through the bark and builds a mating chamber into which he attracts a female by releasing pheromones. A fertilized female builds 2-3 uterine passages, in which she lays her eggs. The emerging larvae make passages parallel to the axis of the tree, at their ends there are pupal cradles
Females in the southern regions, 3 weeks after the main flight, lay their eggs again, and a sister generation appears from them. In the northern regions, this species of bark beetle has only one generation per year. But these figures may vary depending on the temperature regime.
Young beetles feed on bast and make additional moves to get out. Puberty of beetles lasts 2-3 weeks, and depends on the temperature regime. The development of the bark beetle is 8-10 weeks, and 2 generations of beetles appear in a year. Beetles of the second generation overwinter in the bark.
Methods of struggle
Typographer and his life.
Typograph bark beetle causes great harm to spruce forests, so there are effective methods to combat this pest.
- In forest plantations, regular cleaning of diseased trees with damaged bark is carried out.
- Inspection and treatment of trees affected by bark beetle.
- Laying baits from freshly cut trees, which are laid out in the autumn in the forest. Bark beetles inhabit these trees, and after the appearance of the larvae, the bark is cleaned off, and the colony of larvae dies.
In case of mass lesions by the bark beetle, continuous sanitary cuttings are carried out, followed by restoration.
Conclusion
The typographer bark beetle causes great harm to spruce forests. On the territory of many countries, measures are being taken to combat this type of bark beetle. And the fact that spruce forests exist all over the planet says that the methods of dealing with it are giving results.
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